基于支持向量分类的姿态仪升沉误差修正方法

    A Method for Correcting Heave Measurement Errors of Attitude Sensors Based on Support Vector Classification

    • 摘要: 在浮式作业的升沉补偿系统中,检测单元姿态仪的精度直接影响补偿精度。目前主流姿态仪的升沉检测精度为5cm或5%,导致升沉补偿系统难以实现95%的补偿率。为提高补偿精度,本文提出一种基于支持向量分类(Support Vector Classification,SVC)的误差修正方法。姿态仪安装在六自由度平台上,利用动态捕捉系统测得的平台升沉位移作为参考真值,以此获得姿态仪的测量误差。通过误差与姿态仪输出信号之间的显著性分析,筛选出加速度、速度和位移3个参数作为SVC模型的输入。在MATLAB中建立SVC模型后,运用采集的数据完成模型训练并进行参数优化,参数优化采用贝叶斯优化和k-折交叉验证技术。然后将训练好的SVC模型导入数据采集软件,并编写代码实现分类功能。最终,通过SVC模型识别姿态仪3个输出参数对应的误差范围,并为每类误差修正一个特定值。实验结果表明,修正时间平均仅需1.4 ms,修正后的升沉位移均方根误差从0.4567 cm降至0.2622 cm或幅值的2.622%,绝对平均误差从0.3668 cm降至0.1989 cm,表明该方法能有效减小升沉测量误差。该方法也适用于修正姿态仪其他自由度输出的误差。

       

      Abstract: The precision of attitude sensors in heave compensation systems for floating operations directly affects the compensation accuracy. Mainstream attitude sensors typically achieve a heave measurement accuracy of 5 cm or 5%, which limits the system's ability to reach a 95% compensation rate. To address this issue, a method based on Support Vector Classification (SVC) was developed to correct measurement errors. The attitude sensor was mounted on a six-degree-of-freedom platform, and the platform's heave displacement, measured by a dynamic capture system, was used as the reference ground truth to determine the sensor's measurement errors. Through significance analysis of the relationship between the errors and the sensor's output signals, three parameters—acceleration, velocity and displacement—were selected as inputs for the SVC model. An SVC model was constructed in MATLAB, and data collected from the system were used for model training and parameter optimization, employing Bayesian optimization and k-fold cross-validation techniques. The trained SVC model was then integrated into data acquisition software, with custom code developed to implement classification functions.The results demonstrate that the SVC model effectively identified the error ranges corresponding to the three output parameters of the attitude sensor, enabling specific correction values for each error category. The correction process required an average time of only 1.4 ms. After correction, the root mean square error of the heave displacement decreased from 0.4567 cm to 0.2622 cm (or 2.622% of the amplitude) , while the absolute mean error was reduced from 0.3668 cm to 0.1989 cm. These findings indicate that the proposed method significantly reduces heave measurement errors. Furthermore, the method is applicable for correcting errors in other degrees of freedom outputs of the attitude sensor.

       

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