Single-atom Catalysts for Lithium-sulfur Batteries

Owing to advantages of high theoretical energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is considered as one of the most promising next-generation high-energy-density batteries. The "shuttle effect" of polysulfides is the key issue hindering the commercialization of Li-S batteries. Adoption of "catalytic" strategy to enhance the sulfur redox kinetics has been demonstrated to be an effective way to alleviate the "shuttle effect". Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have received much attention in the field of catalysis due to their uniform metal active centers, unique electronic properties, and theoretically 100% metal atom utilization. In recent years, SACs have been introduced into Li-S systems and studied to achieve fast sulfur conversion kinetics. In this research, the latest progress in the application of SACs in Li-S batteries was reviewed, with special emphasis on the discussion of key factors affecting the catalytic activity of SACs. The prospects of SACs for Li-S batteries were pointed out and highlighted. Important guidance is provided for future design and fabrication of high-performance SACs for Li-S battery application.