棕地概念及国内外开发利用实践

doi:10.12052/gdutxb.210065

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 棕地开发与再利用是城市土地供给的重要途径。当前, 棕地规模大、治理对象难以识别、修复标准相对单一、规划体系与生态修复脱节、公众认知与参与不足等是其治理和再利用过程中最主要的问题。本文以棕地再利用为出发点, 结合棕地影响阈值, 明确人体健康指标, 分类确定棕地再利用标准。采取应对多种情景的风险回避、全生命周期的损失控制、多利益群体的风险转移、多种技术的风险承担等措施, 从规划对象、修复标准、规划内容与流程、管理体系、工作机制等方面入手, 提出基于风险管控的棕地治理和再利用规划的建议。

关键词: 风险管控, 棕地, 治理和再利用, 国土空间规划

Abstract: Urban brownfield reuse is an important way to supply urban land. At present, brownfields are large in scale, difficult to identify as governance objects, with relatively simple restoration standards and planning systems. Disjointed ecological restoration, insufficient public awareness and participation have become the main difficulties and problems in the process of governance and reuse. Taking brownfield reuse as a starting point and combining brownfield impact factors, human health indicators are clarified, and brownfield land reuse standards categorized. Taking measures and methods such as risk avoidance in multiple scenarios, full life cycle loss control, risk transfer by multiple interest groups, and risk-taking by multiple technologies, ranging from planning objects, restoration standards, planning content and procedures, management systems, work is started with the mechanism and other aspects, and strategies for urban brownfield governance and reuse planning based on risk management are proposed.

Key words: risk management and control, brownfield, governance and reuse, territorial spatial planning

中图分类号:

F301.24

蔡云楠, 何志文, 梁锐. 棕地概念及国内外开发利用实践[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2022, 39(01): 115-122.

Cai Yun-nan, He Zhi-wen, Liang Rui. Concept of Brownfield and Its Development and Utilization Practice at Home and Abroad[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 2022, 39(01): 115-122.

参考文献

[1] 赵菲菲, 许月卿, 李艳华. 棕地再开发国内外比较研究[J]. 国土与自然资源研究, 2014(3): 14-18.
ZHAO F F, XU Y Q, LI Y H. Comparison study on brownfield redevelopment at home and abroad [J]. Territory & Natural Resources Study, 2014(3): 14-18.
[2] SMITH R J. Love canal reviewed [J]. Science, 1980, 210(4469): 513.
[3] CAO K, GUAN H. Brownfield redevelopment toward sustainable urban land use in China [J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2007, 17(2): 127-134.
[4] TADESSE B, DONALDSON J D, GRIMES S M. Contaminated and polluted land: a general review of decontamination management and control [J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2010, 60(3): 227-240.
[5] U. S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works. Comprehensive environmental response, compensation, and liability Act (CERCLA) section 120 interagency agreements[EB/OL]. (2005-06-16)[2021-04-26]. https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/fedfac/comprehensive-environmental-response-compensation-and-liability-act-cercla-section-120_.html.
[6] 宋飏, 林慧颖, 王士君. 国外棕地再利用的经验与启示[J]. 世界地理研究, 2015(3): 65-74.
SONG Y, LIN H Y, WANG S J. International experience of brownfield reuse and its enlightenment [J]. World Regional Studies, 2015(3): 65-74.
[7] Department for Communities and Local Government. Planning policy statement 3: housing[A]. London:DCLG.2006.
[8] 王玲, 姚南. 国外棕地修复与再开发经验对成都的启示[J]. 四川建筑, 2019, 39(6): 19-20.
[9] Federation of Canadian Municipalities. Brownfields[R]. Ottawa Ontario: Federation of Canadian Municipalities, 2009: 1.
[10] Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan. Current status of the brownfield issue in Japan, interim report [EB/OL]. (2009-8-15) [2021-04-26]. https://www.env.go.jp/en/water/soil/brownfields/interin-rep0703.
[11] 生态环境部. 污染场地术语: HJ682-2014[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2014: 1-3.
[12] 国务院. 土壤污染防治行动计划(国发(2016)31号)[A/OL]. (2016-05-31)[2021-04-26]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-05/31/content_5078377.htm.
[13] 住房和城乡建设部, 生态环境部. 全国城市生态保护与建设规划(2015－2020年)[A/OL]. (2016-12-06)[2021-04-26]. http://www.caep.org.cn/sy/sswhbgh/sywwrjp_22031/201812/W020181227588849790425.pdf.
[14] 生态环境部, 工业和信息化部, 国土资源部, 住房和城乡建设部. 关于保障工业企业场地再开发利用环境安全的通知 [A/OL]. (2012-11-27) [2021-04-26]. http://sthjt.sc.gov.cn/sthjt/c104137/2013/7/26/5021eec30cd7499e978ca4e192857ac1.shtml.
[15] 国家统计局城市社会经济调查司. 中国城市建设统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2017: 1-23.
[16] 张琳, 李影, 严良政, 等. 我国工业土地再利用的环境风险及对策[J]. 环境保护, 2012(15): 45-47.
[17] 李仲华. 试述土壤污染对人类健康的侵害[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2009, 34(7): 192-194.
LI Z H. Discusses the soil pollution infringement in human health[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2009, 34(7): 192-194.
[18] CHENG F, GEERTMAN S, KUFFER M, et al. An integrative methodology to improve brownfield redevelopment planning in Chinese cities: a case study of Futian, Shenzhen [J]. Computers Environment and Urban Systems, 2011, 35(5): 388-398.
[19] 王晓丽. 工业棕地治理析论[J]. 经济与社会发展, 2014, 12(1): 66-69.
[20] 郭鹏, 梁燕华, 苏海棠. 美国棕地治理分析及其对我国的启示[J]. 环境保护科学, 2010, 36(3): 73-76.
GUO P, LIANG Y H, SU H T. Analysis of American brownfields cleanup and its revelationof China [J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2010, 36(3): 73-76.
[21] 蔡云楠, 刘琛义. 生态城市建设的环境绩效评估探索[J]. 南方建筑, 2015(1): 97-101.
CAI Y N, LIU C Y. Environmental performance assessment of Eco-city [J]. South Architecture, 2015(1): 97-101.
[22] 游志斌. 美国国土安全风险管理的主要经验及启示[J]. 中国应急管理, 2011(4): 46-51.
[23] SWARTJES F A. Human health risk assessment related to contaminated land: state of the art [J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2015, 37(4): 651-673.
[24] DELLARCO M, BANGS G. Update of the U. S. EPA guidelines for exposure assessment [J]. Epidemiology, 2006, 17(6): S61.
[25] 国家环境保护总局. 土壤环境监测技术规范: HJ/T166-2004[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2005: 10-11.
[26] 冯俊生, 张俏晨. 土壤原位修复技术研究与应用进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2014(11): 1861-1867.
FENG J S, ZHANG Q C. A review on the study on practice of soil remediation in situ [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2014(11): 1861-1867.
[27] 唐秋萍, 张毅, 王伟. 工业废弃场地健康风险评价[J]. 环境保护科学, 2010,36(4): 62-64.
TANG Q P, ZHANG Y, WANG W. Health risk assessment for industrial enterprises brownfield [J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2010,36(4): 62-64.
[28] 王国庆, 骆永明, 宋静, 等. 土壤环境质量指导值与标准研究Ⅰ. 国际动态及中国的修订考虑[J]. 土壤学报, 2005(4): 666-673.
WANG G Q, LOU Y M, SONG J, et al. Study on soil environmental quality guidelines and standards Ⅰ . International trend and suggestions for amendment in China [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2005(4): 666-673.
[29] 宋静, 陈梦舫, 骆永明, 等. 制订我国污染场地土壤风险筛选值的几点建议[J]. 环境监测管理与技术, 2011, 23(3): 26-33.
SONG J, CHEN M F, LUO Y M, et al. Suggestion on derivation of soil screening values and remediation goals for contaminated sites in China [J]. The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring, 2011, 23(3): 26-33.
[30] 蔡云楠, 朱志军, 郭冠颂, 等. 生态城市规划的理念与实践——以广州海珠生态城为例[J]. 南方建筑, 2014(6): 88-94.
CAI Y N, ZHU Z J, GUO G S, et al. The idea and practice of Guangzhou Haizhu Eco-city planning [J]. South Architecture, 2014(6): 88-94.
[31] 蔡云楠, 温钊鹏. “海绵城市”视角下绿色基础设施体系构建与规划策略[J]. 规划师, 2016, 32(12): 12-18.
CAI Y N, WEN Z P. Green infrastructure system planning strategy for‘Sponge City’ development [J]. Planners, 2016, 32(12): 12-18.
[32] NIJKAMP P, RODRNBURG C A, WAGTENDONK A J. Success factors for sustainable urbanbrownfield development: a comparative case study approach to polluted sites [J]. Ecological Economics, 2002, 40(2): 235-252.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed