Abstract: Research on the thermal adaptation behavior of the elderly in hot-humid rural areas of China is significant to the energy-saving optimization of village and town houses. This paper selects 7 residential houses in Chatang Village, Tanbu Town, Huadu District, Guangzhou City as the research object. Through the actual measurement of different environmental physical parameters and the subjective questionnaire survey method, the characteristics of thermal adaptation behavior of the elderly during the research are studied. The differences in the thermal adaptation behavior and personality of the elderly will be discussed. The results show that in summer, the elderly in hot-humid rural areas mainly use windows, curtains, electric fans, and change the activity space and other thermal adaptation behaviors for personalized thermal regulation. Among them, the analysis results of the frequency of opening/closing windows, curtains, and electric fans show that the thermal adaptation behaviors have nothing to do with gender, but there are significant age differences. The regulation behavior of the on/off electric fan has no significant effect on the indoor air temperature of the house, but it has a negative correlation with the indoor relative humidity. The rate of going out of the elderly in villages and towns is positively correlated with indoor air temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity. The subjective thermal perception of the elderly in hot-humid rural areas has no major influence on their thermal adaptation behaviors such as opening windows and turning on electric fans, but has a greater influence on their outing rate.