Abstract: As a core component of biomedical ultrasound systems, the performance of ultrasound transducers directly determines the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, with the development of biomedical technology, there is an increasing demand for high-performance ultrasound transducers. This paper reviews the latest research progress of new ultrasound transducers in the biomedical field, analyzes the performance characteristics of different types of ultrasound transducers, such as small, air-coupled, transparent, flexible, high-frequency arrays, and low-power transducers, and discusses the application prospects in biomedical imaging, therapy, and neuromodulation, and summarizes the current challenges, including the selection of acoustic functional materials for the transducers, structural optimization, and diversification of application scenarios. application scenarios, etc. Future research should focus on the development of new acoustic materials, high-performance transducer design, and interdisciplinary cooperation to promote ultrasonic transducer technology to better serve biomedical applications.