基于模拟存算的低功耗导航信号捕获电路设计

    Low-power Navigation Signal Acquisition Circuit Design Based on In-Memory Computing

    • 摘要: 随着全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)应用场景不断扩展,其高能耗带来了重大设计挑战。GPS信号捕获作为信号处理流程中计算最为密集的环节,其高并发的码匹配与滑动相关操作对硬件资源与功耗构成严峻挑战。本文引入模拟存内运算架构,利用阻变存储器(Resistive Random Access Memory, RRAM)交叉点阵列并行执行码相关计算,采用阵列划分与交叠累加策略实现了GNSS长码相关过程,通过分割阵列实现输出范围压缩,降低了对量化精度要求,节约硬件资源和功耗。此外,存算一体阵列具备良好的可重构性,可通过码相关长度灵活调度支持不同导航信号。结果表明,该架构在1 V供电下实现了0.94 mW的功耗和27.2 TOPS/W的能效表现,在捕获精度、硬件效率与鲁棒性方面均优于现有方案,适用于低功耗、高性能GNSS接收器。

       

      Abstract: With the application scenarios of GNSS continuing to expand, its high energy consumption poses significant design challenges. As the most computation-intensive stage in the signal processing chain, GPS signal acquisition involves massive parallel code matching and sliding correlation operations, which impose significant challenges on hardware resources and power consumption. In this research, an analog in-memory computing (AIMC) architecture is introduced that leverages Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) crossbar arrays to execute code correlation in parallel. An array partitioning and overlapped accumulation strategy is employed to implement the GNSS long-code correlation. By dividing arrays, the output dynamic range is effectively compressed, thereby reducing the quantization precision requirement while saving hardware resources and power consumption. Furthermore, the computing-in-memory array exhibits strong reconfigurability, enabling flexible correlation length scheduling to support multiple navigation signals. Results demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves a power consumption of 0.94 mW and an energy efficiency of 27.2 TOPS/W under 1 V supply. Compared with existing schemes, it offers superior acquisition accuracy, hardware efficiency, and robustness, making it highly suitable for low-power, high-performance GNSS receivers.

       

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