基于CNN-TimesNet-DSAM的锂电池健康状态估计方法

    A CNN–TimesNet–DSAM-based Method for State-of-health Estimation of Lithium-ion Batteries

    • 摘要: 锂离子电池健康状态(State of Health, SOH)的精准估计对电池管理系统安全运行与寿命管理至关重要。然而,电池老化过程具有非线性与多尺度耦合特征,传统模型难以准确表征电池容量衰减的长期趋势。为此,本文提出一种融合CNN、TimesNet和双域条带注意力机制(Dual-Domain Strip Attention Mechanism, DSAM)的新型SOH估计模型CTANet,用于捕捉不同尺度下序列内与序列间的依赖关系,以提升模型对容量衰减的识别能力。首先,基于充电曲线提取锂电池老化相关的健康因子(Health Indicators, HIs),采用3σ准则和线性插值对异常值进行校正,并通过皮尔逊相关性分析选取与SOH高相关性的HIs作为输入特征;然后,利用CNN模块对HIs进行特征提取、TA-Block捕捉多尺度时序依赖关系,并利用DSAM在空间与频率域内对关键信息进行权重分配;最后,通过输出层完成SOH估计。本文在MIT和XJTU两个数据集上开展验证实验,结果表明,本文方法在测试数据集上均获得稳定的高精度估计,结果误差均在2%以内,平均绝对误差均低于0.33%,为锂电池健康管理提供有效支撑。

       

      Abstract: Accurate state of health (SOH) estimation is crucial for battery management systems, yet challenging due to the nonlinear and multi-scale coupling characteristics of aging. To address this issue, CTANet, a novel model integrating CNN, TimesNet, and a dual-domain strip attention mechanism (DSAM) to capture complex intra- and inter-series dependencies, is proposed. First, health indicators (HIs) are extracted and optimized using the 3σ rule and Pearson correlation analysis. Subsequently, the model employs CNN for feature extraction, utilizes the TA-Block to capture multi-scale temporal dependencies, and leverages DSAM to adaptively weight critical information across spatial and frequency domains. Validation experiments on MIT and XJTU datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves stable, high-precision estimation. The results show errors consistently within 2% and mean absolute errors (MAE) below 0.33%, providing robust support for effective battery health management.

       

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