广东工业大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05): 108-118.doi: 10.12052/gdutxb.200157

• • 上一篇    

NEV企业颠覆性创新模式研究——基于中美日代表性企业的比较分析

陈字理1, 张光宇1, 刘贻新1,2   

  1. 1. 广东工业大学 管理学院，广东 广州 510520;
    2. 广东工贸职业技术学院，广东 广州 510510
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-24 出版日期:2021-09-10 发布日期:2021-07-13
  • 通信作者: 刘贻新(1976–)，男，研究员，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为颠覆性创新、可持续转型和新技术产业化，E-mail：21412531@qq.com E-mail:21412531@qq.com
  • 作者简介:陈字理(1996–)，男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为颠覆性创新和创新政策
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(72074056，71874037)；广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2018A030313397)；广东省软科学科技管理改革重点项目(2018B070714019)；中国工程院2019年度咨询研究项目(2019-XZ-40-02)

A Research on the Subversive Innovation Mode of NEV Enterprises—Based on the Comparative Analysis of Representative Enterprises in China, America and Japan

Chen Zi-li1, Zhang Guang-yu1, Liu Yi-xin1,2   

  1. 1. School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510520, China;
    2. Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Trade, Guangzhou 510510, China
  • Received:2020-11-24 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-07-13

HTML

PDF (PC)

2724

摘要： 中国新能源汽车行业能否成功, 颠覆性创新对于助推绿色经济转型和实现可持续发展具有重大示范作用, 而颠覆性创新的非连续性、突变性给中国车企带来巨大挑战。本文选择比亚迪、特斯拉与丰田3家具有代表性的新能源汽车(New Energy Vehicles, NEV)企业作为分析对象, 从初始目标市场选择、技术路径、市场扩散路径以及实现路径等维度总结案例企业开展颠覆性创新的实践经验, 凝练出3种不同的颠覆性创新模式, 并剖析3种模式的关键要素。研究发现: 比亚迪采取环境支持性的颠覆性创新模式, 而特斯拉采取的是跨界融合式的颠覆性创新模式, 丰田则采取协同创新型颠覆性创新模式。三种颠覆性创新模式分别基于不同的着眼点进行构建, 受到不同类型的机会窗口的驱动, 后续将遵循不同的竞争演化路径, 同时面临不同的演化障碍。同一行业当中可能同时出现多种不同的颠覆性创新模式。

关键词: NEV企业, 颠覆性创新, 创新模式, 关键要素

Abstract: Whether China's new energy automobile industry can be successfully overturned has a significant demonstration effect on boosting the transformation of green economy and achieving sustainable development, while the discontinuity and abrupt change of disruptive innovation bring great challenges to Chinese automobile enterprises. Choosing byd, tesla and Toyota, the three representatives of new energy vehicles (NEV) enterprises, as analysis objects, and starting from the initial target market selection, technical path, the path of market diffusion and dimension, this research sums up the experience of case enterprise of disruptive innovation, figures out three disruptive innovation models, and analyzes the key elements of the models. The findings are as follows: (1) byd adopts the environmentally supportive disruptive innovation model, while tesla adopts the trans-boundary fusion disruptive innovation model, and Toyota adopts the collaborative innovative disruptive innovation model. (2) The three disruptive innovation models are constructed based on different perspectives. Driven by different types of opportunity Windows, they will follow different competitive evolution paths and face different evolutionary barriers. The findings of this research suggest that many different disruptive innovation patterns may occur simultaneously in the same industry.

Key words: new energy vehicles(NEV)enterprise, disruptive innovation, innovation model, key elements

中图分类号: 

  • G304
[1] 刘贻新. 基于可持续转型(ST)理论的新兴技术产业化保护机理及其效应研究[D]. 广州: 广东工业大学, 2016.
[2] 刘贻新, 梁霄, 朱怀念, 等. 新兴技术产业化障碍因素的识别及其分类: 可持续转型视角[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2012, 5(4): 1-9.
LIU Y X, LIANG X, ZHU H N, et al. identification and classification of obstacles to the industrialization of emerging technologies: the perspective of sustainable transformation [J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 2012, 5(4): 1-9.
[3] 刘贻新, 谭蓉娟, 张光宇, 等. 可持续转型理论研究综述及展望[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2008, 35(18): 152-160.
LIU Y X, TAN R J, ZHANG G Y, et al. Review and prospect of theoretical research on sustainable transformation [J]. Science and Technology Progress and Countermeasures, 2008, 35(18): 152-160.
[4] LIU Y, OU C, ZHANG G, et al. Research on the effect evaluation of protected space driving new technologies industrialization from the perspective of ST [J]. Journal of Systems Science and Complexity, 2020, 33(2): 475-509.
[5] 李平, 臧树伟. 基于破坏性创新的后发企业竞争优势构建路径分析[J]. 科学学研究, 2015, 33(2): 295-303.
LI P, ZANG S W. Analysis on the construction path of competitive advantage of later-development enterprises based on destructive innovation [J]. Research in Science of Science, 2015, 33(2): 295-303.
[6] GUO J, PAN J, GUO J, et al. Measurement framework for assessing disruptive innovations [J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2018: 139.
[7] 宋铁波, 沈征宇. 破坏性创新与在位企业战略反应—基于合法性视角的解释模型[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2014, 35(5): 82-90.
SONG T B, SHEN Z Y. Disruptive innovation and strategic response of incumbent enterprises — an explanatory model from the perspective of legitimacy [J]. Science of Science and Management of S & T, 2014, 35(5): 82-90.
[8] CHRISTENSEN C M. The innovator's dilemma: when new technologies cause great firms to fail[M]. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1997.
[9] 白胜. 克里斯滕森的管理理论建构方法评介[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2011, 33(3): 9-18.
BAI S. Comments on christensen's management theory construction method [J]. Foreign Economics and Management, 2011, 33(3): 9-18.
[10] DANNEELS E. Disruptive technology reconsidered: a critique and research agenda [J]. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2004, 21(4): 246-258.
[11] GM S, CT D. When is a disruptive innovation disruptive? [J]. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2008, 25: 347-369.
[12] 周洋, 张庆普. 高端颠覆性创新的技术演进轨迹和市场扩散路径[J]. 研究与发展管理, 2017, 29(6): 99-108.
ZHOU Y, ZHANG Q P. Technology evolution track and market diffusion path of high-end disruptive innovation [J]. Research and Development Management, 2017, 29(6): 99-108.
[13] 张洪石, 付玉秀. 影响突破性创新的环境因素分析和实证研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2005(S1): 255-263.
ZHANG H S, FU Y X. Analysis and empirical study on environmental factors affecting breakthrough innovation [J]. Journal of Scientific Research, 2005(S1): 255-263.
[14] 许泽浩, 张光宇, 廖建聪. 基于战略生态位管理视角的颠覆性技术成长过程研究[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2016(2): 5-9.
XU Z H, ZHANG G Y, LIAO J C. Research on disruptive technology growth process from the perspective of strategic niche management [J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2016(2): 5-9.
[15] 张光宇, 刘贻新, 马文聪, 等. 广东创新驱动路径设计探究——基于SNM的颠覆性技术创新到产业创新[J]. 广东科技, 2015, 24(18): 14-16.
ZHANG G Y, LIU Y X, MA W C, et al. Research on innovation-driven path design in guangdong — from snm-based disruptive technology innovation to industrial innovation [J]. Guangdong Science and Technology, 2015, 24(18): 14-16.
[16] 周江华, 仝允桓, 李纪珍. 基于金字塔底层(BoP)市场的破坏性创新—针对山寨手机行业的案例研究[J]. 管理世界, 2012(2): 112-130.
ZHOU J H, TONG Y H, LI J Z. Disruptive innovation based on the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) market — a case study on the shanzhai mobile phone industry [J]. Management World, 2012(2): 112-130.
[17] 张春辉, 陈继祥. 渐进性创新或颠覆性创新: 创新模式选择研究综述[J]. 研究与发展管理, 2011, 23(3): 88-96.
ZHANG C H, CHEN J X. Incremental innovation or disruptive innovation: a review of research on innovation model selection [J]. Research and Development Management, 2011, 23(3): 88-96.
[18] 陈思睿, 杨桂菊, 王彤. 后发企业的颠覆性创新机理模型——基于小米公司的探索性案例研究[J]. 管理案例研究与评论, 2019, 12(04): 365-382.
CHEN S R, YANG J J, WANG T. The mechanism model of disruptive innovation of late-developing enterprises — based on the exploratory case study of xiaomi company [J]. Management Case Studies and Reviews, 2019, 12(04): 365-382.
[19] 徐久香, 李华, 王春元. 基于破坏性创新的企业成长模式研究[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2014, 35(2): 134-142.
XU J X, LI H, WANG C Y. Research on enterprise growth model based on destructive innovation [J]. Science of Science and Management of S& T, 2014, 35(2): 134-142.
[20] 许泽浩, 张光宇. 基于技术进化理论的颠覆性技术创新方向选择研究——以电动汽车技术为例[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2018(7): 37-44.
XU Z H, ZHANG G Y. Research on disruptive technology innovation direction selection based on technology evolution theory — a case study of electric vehicle technology [J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2018(7): 37-44.
[21] 訾永胜. 价值网络视角下纯电动汽车的破坏性创新研究[J]. 科技和产业, 2019, 19(6): 116-120.
ZI Y S. Disruptive innovation of pure electric vehicles from the perspective of value network [J]. Science Technology and Industry, 2019, 19(6): 116-120.
[22] 邵青青. 中国电动汽车技术的创造性破坏研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2018.
[23] HARDMAN S, STEINBERGER-WILCKENS R, VAN DER HORST D. Disruptive innovations: The case for hydrogen fuel cells and battery electric vehicles [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38(35): 15438-15451.
[24] 高建刚. 中国新能源汽车产业创新系统的发展与失灵研究[J]. 情报杂志, 2019, 38(12): 1-10.
GAO J G. Research on the development and failure of china's new energy automobile industry innovation system [J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2019, 38(12): 1-10.
[25] 何文韬. 新能源汽车产业的政策保护与利基构建——基于多层次产业演化的分析[J]. 科研管理, 2019, 40(9): 139-148.
HE W T. Policy protection and niche construction of new energy automobile industry — based on the analysis of multi-level industry evolution [J]. Scientific Research Management, 2019, 40(9): 139-148.
[26] 王宇宁, 兰晓婕, 冷静, 等. 电动汽车商业化运行模式探析[J]. 汽车工业研究, 2005(8): 21-23.
WANG Y N, LAN X J, LENG J, et al. An analysis of the commercial operation mode of electric vehicles [J]. Automotive Industry Research, 2005(8): 21-23.
[27] 叶瑞克, 陈秀妙, 朱方思宇, 等. “电动汽车-车联网”商业模式研究[J]. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2012, 14(6): 39-44.
YE R K, CHEN X M, ZHU F S Y, et al. Research on the business model of "electric vehicle-internet of vehicles" [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Science and Technology (Social Science Edition), 2012, 14(6): 39-44.
[28] 田善武, 许秀瑞. 新能源汽车产业技术创新路径研究——双元性创新的视角[J]. 现代管理科学, 2019(9): 29-31.
TIAN S W, XU X R. Research on the technological innovation path of new energy automobile industry — from the perspective of dual innovation [J]. Modern Management Science, 2019(9): 29-31.
[29] 管璐璐. 基于DSGE模型的丰田新能源汽车协同创新研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2017.
[30] 郝斌. 模块化创新企业间的价值吸收——以丰田汽车公司为例的分析[J]. 科学学研究, 2011, 29(1): 147-153.
HAO B. Value absorption among modular innovative enterprises — a case study of toyota motor corporation [J]. Scientific research, 2011, 29(1): 147-153.
[31] 臧树伟, 陈红花. 创新能力如何助力本土品牌厂商“换道超车”?[J]. 科学学研究, 2019, 37(2): 338-350.
ZANG S W, CHEN H H. How does innovation ability help local brands to "change lanes and overtake"? [J]. Research in Science of Science, 2019, 37(2): 338-350.
[32] 江积海. 后发企业知识传导与新产品开发的路径及其机制—比亚迪汽车公司的案例研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2010, 28(4): 571-580.
JIANG J H. The path and mechanism of knowledge transmission and new product development of late-developing enterprises — a case study of byd automobile company [J]. Scientific research, 2010, 28(4): 571-580.
[33] 卢锐, 吴云, 王军. 基于破坏性创新的比亚迪创新战略研究[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2012(2): 42-47.
LU R, WU Y, WANG J. Research on BYD's innovation strategy based on disruptive innovation [J]. China Science and Technology Forum, 2012(2): 42-47.
[34] 党马宏. 基于科研关系网络的企业知识创新路径研究[D]. 武汉: 华中师范大学, 2017.
[35] 姚丽萍, 任雪明. 特斯拉模式对我国新能源汽车发展的启示[J]. 湖北汽车工业学院学报, 2016, 30(4): 61-64.
YAO L P, REN X M. Enlightenment of tesla model on the development of new energy vehicles in China [J]. Journal of Hubei Institute of Automotive Industry, 2016, 30(4): 61-64.
[36] SANDERS P. Phenomenology: a new way of viewing organizational research [J]. The Academy of Management Review, 1982, 7(3): 353-360.
[37] STRAUSS A C J M. Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. [J]. Modern Language Journal, 1990, 77(2): 129.
[38] 芮明杰, 张群. 生态系统中舵手型企业的创新促进机制研究——以丰田汽车为案例[J]. 经济与管理研究, 2015, 36(5): 115-123.
RUI M J, ZHANG Q. Research on innovation promotion mechanism of helmsman enterprises in ecosystem — a case of toyota motor [J]. Economy and Management, 2015, 36(5): 115-123.
[39] PEREZ C, SOETE L. Catching up in technology: entry barriers and window of opportunity[M]. London: Pinter Publishers, 1988: 458-497.
[40] LEE K, MALERBA E. Catch-up cycles and changes in industrial leadership: Windows of opportunity and responses of firms and countrics in the evolution of sectoral systems [J]. Research Policy, 2017, 46(2): 338-351.
[41] 梁中, 徐函. 颠覆式追赶窗口的识别逻辑与响应范式[J]. 科学学研究, 2020, 38(8): 1-11.
LIANG Z, XU H. Recognition logic and response paradigm of subversive catch-up window [J]. Science Research, 2020, 38(8): 1-11.
[42] CLATON T, CHRISTENSEN CM, JOSEPH P, et al. Customer power, strategic investment, and the failure of leading firms [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1996, 17(3): 197-218.
[43] ADNER L, KAPOOR H. Value creation in innovation ecosystems: how the structure of technological interdependence affects firm performance in new technology generations [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2010, 31(3): 306-333.
[44] 陈衍泰, 孟媛媛, 张露嘉, 等. 产业创新生态系统的价值创造和获取机制分析——基于中国电动汽车的跨案例分析[J]. 科研管理, 2015, 36(S1): 68-75.
CHEN Y T, MENG Y Y, ZHANG L J, et al. Analysis on value creation and acquisition mechanism of industrial innovation ecosystem — a cross-case study based on china's electric vehicles [J]. Scientific Research Management, 2015, 36(S1): 68-75.
[45] 张庆普, 周洋, 王晨筱, 等. 跨界整合式颠覆性创新内在机理与机会识别研究[J]. 研究与发展管理, 2012, 30(6): 93-105.
ZHANG Q P, ZHOU Y, WANG C Y, et al. Research on the internal mechanism and opportunity identification of cross-border integrated disruptive innovation [J]. Research and Management, 2012, 30(6): 93-105.
[46] 明星, 胡立君, 王亦民. 跨界高端颠覆性创新模式研究: 理论与案例验证[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2020, 37(15): 11-17.
MING X, HU L J, WANG Y M. Research on cross-border high-end disruptive innovation model: theory and case verification [J]. Science and Technology Progress and Countermeasures, 2020, 37(15): 11-17.
[47] 张光宇. 颠覆性创新: 政府推动与市场选择[N]. 中国社会科学报, 2018-10-19(007).
[1] 刘贻新, 冯倩倩, 张光宇, 许泽浩, 欧春尧. 基于ST理论的国家视角下颠覆性创新管理机制研究[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2021, 38(01): 21-31.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
版权所有 © 2017 《广东工业大学学报》编辑部
地址：广州市东风东路729号广东工业大学 邮编：510090
电话：020-37626653,020-37626139,020-37626396
邮箱：xbzrb@gdut.edu.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发