广东工业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (02): 1-10.doi: 10.12052/gdutxb.230090

• 特约综述 •    下一篇

吸附/吸收式空气取水技术研究进展

李清慧1, 潘晓春1, 佐晓波1, 王黛瑶2,3, 赵志伟2,4, 梁嘉良2   

  1. 1. 32181部队, 陕西 西安 710032;
    2. 重庆大学 环境与生态学院, 重庆 400000;
    3. 中国城市规划设计研究院深圳分院, 广东 深圳 518000;
    4. 广东工业大学 土木与交通工程学院, 广东 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-07 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-23
  • 通信作者: 梁嘉良(1990-),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为水污染控制,E-mail:liangjialiang@cqu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李清慧(1992-),女,硕士,助理工程师,主要研究方向为非常规水资源开发与利用,E-mail:470796943@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上基金资助项目(52170025)

Research Progress in Adsorption/absorption-based Atmospheric Water Harvesting

Li Qing-hui1, Pan Xiao-chun1, Zuo Xiao-bo1, Wang Dai-yao2,3, Zhao Zhi-wei2,4, Liang Jia-liang2   

  1. 1. 32181 Troops, Xi’an 710032, China;
    2. College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400000, China;
    3. Shenzhen Branch, China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Shenzhen 518000, China;
    4. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • Received:2023-06-07 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-23

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摘要： 吸附/吸收式空气取水技术操作简易、取水能耗低，是缓解淡水资源短缺的有效措施。本文对吸附/吸收式空气取水技术近年来的研究进展进行了系统综述，介绍了吸附/吸收式空气取水技术的基本原理和主要材料类别，总结了吸附/吸收设备的材料放置结构、设备运行方式和应用场景。吸附/吸收材料包括传统的多孔结构材料、吸湿盐和新型有机空气取水材料。目前，各类研究已在提高材料的吸附性能、拓宽材料应用范围以及减少吸水-释水所需能耗方面取得重大进展。然而，吸附/吸收材料仍存在机械性能较差和无法型材化等问题，亟待后续更加深入的研究。吸附/吸收设备中的材料可通过平铺放置、中心轴放置、褶皱放置等多种结构形式进行空气取水应用，设备可采用一天一循环或一天多循环的模式运行。除了直接收集液态水以外，吸附/吸收式空气取水设备还可用于培育生态农场，为缓解地区淡水资源匮乏和食物短缺等问题提供了思路。

关键词: 高分子聚合物, 空气取水, 吸附, 吸收, 太阳能

Abstract: The technology of adsorption/absorption atmospheric water harvesting is characterized by ease of operation, low energy consumption, and represents an effective measure to mitigate the scarcity of fresh water resources. A systematic review of recent research progress in this field is presented and an introduction is provided to the basic principles and main material categories of adsorption/absorption air water extraction technology, as well as a summary of the material placement structure, equipment operation mode, and application field of adsorption/absorption equipment. Adsorption/absorption materials include traditional porous structural materials, hygroscopic salts, and new organic air water intake materials. Currently, significant advancements have been made in enhancing the adsorption performance of materials, broadening their application scope, and reducing the energy consumption required for water absorption and release. Nevertheless, there are still challenges related to poor mechanical properties and incapability to be shaped into profiles for adsorption/absorption materials that necessitate further comprehensive investigation. The adsorption/absorption equipment can be utilized for air-water intake applications through various structural configurations, including flat placement, central axis placement, fold placement, etc. This equipment is capable of operating in either a daily cycle or multiple cycle mode. Apart from directly collecting liquid water, the adsorption/absorption atmospheric water harvesting equipment can also serve as an innovative solution for cultivating ecological farms, thereby offering potential strategies to mitigate regional freshwater resource scarcity and food shortages.

Key words: polymer, atmospheric water harvesting, adsorption, absorption, solar energy

中图分类号: 

  • TU991.1
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