光栅尺的I-Q平衡式光电编码与解码方法

doi:10.12052/gdutxb.200136

广东工业大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (03): 42-47.doi: 10.12052/gdutxb.200136

光栅尺的I-Q平衡式光电编码与解码方法

曹湛昕, 古宇达, 周延周

广东工业大学自动化学院，广东广州 510006

收稿日期:2020-10-19 出版日期:2021-05-10 发布日期:2021-03-12
通信作者: 周延周(1964-)，男，教授，主要研究方向为智能制造和智能装备、机器视觉，E-mail：optics.zhouyanzhou@qq.com E-mail:optics.zhouyanzhou@qq.com
作者简介:曹湛昕(1996-)，男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为机器视觉与光电装备
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61875041，61727810，61771148)；广州市科技计划项目 (201902010045)

I-Q Balanced Photoelectric Coding and Decoding Method of Grating Ruler

Cao Zhan-xin, Gu Yu-da, Zhou Yan-zhou

School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2020-10-19 Online:2021-05-10 Published:2021-03-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光栅作为位移、速度和加速度测量的重要器件, 在高精度、高速自动化数控反馈闭环系统有广泛应用。为增强其高速测量的可靠性, 提出了一种直线光栅尺的I-Q平衡式光电编码与解码方法。主光栅和指示光栅平行放置, 光栅常数差别形成莫尔条纹。光电探测单元的每个光电二极管为独立检测通道, 按照固定空间频率莫尔条纹相对相位位置分布, 并经过独立的、按I-Q平衡式编码与解码方程设计放大倍数的直流运放电路放大, 最后按I-Q平衡式编码与解码方程条件分别送入2路加法器, 加法器输出就是标准和通用的2路I-Q正交信号, 符合自动化设备使用标准。该方法使得自动化数控闭环系统的抗光栅表面污染、抗光电二极管分布位置误差和抗低频振动等能力全面增强, 是一种高效、可靠、实用性强的光栅技术。

关键词: 光栅尺, 莫尔条纹, 直流运放电路, 傅里叶变换, 信号处理

Abstract: As an important device for displacement, velocity and acceleration measurement, gratings are widely used in high-precision, high-speed automated CNC feedback closed-loop systems. In order to enhance the reliability of high-speed measurement, a linear encoder with I-Q balanced photoelectric coding and decoding method is proposed. The main grating and the indicating grating are placed in parallel, and the difference in grating constant forms a moiré fringe. Each photodiode of the photodetection unit is an independent detection channel, which is distributed according to the relative phase position of the moiré fringe at a fixed spatial frequency, and is amplified by an independent DC operational amplifier circuit designed according to the I-Q balanced encoding and decoding equation. I-Q balanced encoding and decoding equation conditions are respectively sent to the 2-way adder, and the output of the adder is the standard and general 2-way I-Q quadrature signal, which is in line with the standard for automation equipment. This method comprehensively enhances the automatic numerical control closed-loop system's anti-grating surface pollution, anti-photodiode distribution position error and anti-low-frequency vibration ability, and is an efficient, reliable, and practical grating technology.

Key words: grating ruler, Moire fringe, DC operational amplifier circuit, Fourier transform, signal processing

中图分类号:

TP202+.1

曹湛昕, 古宇达, 周延周. 光栅尺的I-Q平衡式光电编码与解码方法[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2021, 38(03): 42-47.

Cao Zhan-xin, Gu Yu-da, Zhou Yan-zhou. I-Q Balanced Photoelectric Coding and Decoding Method of Grating Ruler[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 2021, 38(03): 42-47.

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光栅尺的I-Q平衡式光电编码与解码方法

I-Q Balanced Photoelectric Coding and Decoding Method of Grating Ruler

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