广东工业大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (01): 68-76.doi: 10.12052/gdutxb.210120
黄芳, 邱榆富, 郭靖
Huang Fang, Qiu Yu-fu, Guo Jing
摘要: 脑瘤是影响国民健康状况的重大难题。为了确定脑瘤的发展程度,以确定下一步治疗方案,通常需要对脑瘤组织进行穿刺活检手术。由于核磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI)对软组织有更好的分辨率,常用来检测脑部肿瘤。因此,针对MRI兼容的机器人的相关研究是非常必要的。本文基于一种核磁共振兼容的液压驱动穿刺手术机器人,根据液压连通器的原理,推导了该机器人的运动学模型,并基于流体力学的相关理论,得到了该机器人的动力学模型。为了精确控制所设计的机器人系统,根据H∞控制理论设计了该液压驱动系统的状态反馈H∞控制率,使机器人可以快速、稳定地跟踪目标信号。最后,通过实验研究,该机器人系统的综合定位精度为0.56 mm,在x轴、y轴、z轴、俯仰轴和横滚轴上的平均定位精度分别为0.41 mm、0.6 mm、0.67 mm、0.886°和1.17°。研究结果验证了机器人辅助定位穿刺针的性能,所建立的动力学模型和控制方法对穿刺机器人的控制算法研究有一定的参考价值。
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