循环流化床锅炉风室内流动特性及优化研究

doi:10.12052/gdutxb.210150

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 一次风室是循环流化床锅炉的关键部件之一，其内部一次风流动分布的均匀性对循环流化床锅炉的高效运行至关重要。一次风气流分布不均匀会对锅炉燃烧产生不利影响，导致锅炉热效率降低。为了提高循环流化床锅炉的运行效率，采用数值模拟的方法研究设计合适的导流板。模拟结果表明，在一次风室内安装导流板后，一次风室内横截面处的气流速度不均匀性由81%降低到24%。为了验证数值模拟结果，采用了220 t/h循环流化床锅炉的缩小比例几何模型，在5种不同的实验条件下进行了可视化和速度分布均匀性实验。实验结果证实了数值模拟的正确性。此外，在一台220 t/h循环流化床锅炉上进行了热态实验。热态实验结果表明，在一次风室中加装导流板后，锅炉热效率由85.71%提高到88.34%，相当于每年节约5000 t标准煤，经济效益显著，证明了导流板的有效性。

关键词: 数值模拟, 一次风室, 气流导向板, 多孔板, 冷态实验, 热态实验

Abstract: Primary air chamber is one of the key components of circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the uniformity of primary air flow distribution is very important for the efficient operation of circulating fluidized bed boiler. The uneven distribution of primary air flow will have an adverse impact on boiler combustion, resulting in the reduction of boiler thermal efficiency. In order to improve the operation efficiency of circulating fluidized bed boiler, a numerical simulation method is used to study and design the appropriate air modification. Numerical simulation results show that after installing the deflector in the primary air chamber, the velocity nonuniformity at the cross section of the primary air chamber decreases from 81% to 24%. In order to verify the numerical simulation results, a small-scale geometric model of a 220 t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler is used to carry out visualization and velocity distribution uniformity experiments under five different experimental conditions. The experimental results confirm the correctness of the numerical simulation. In addition, the hot test is carried out on a 220 t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler. The results of hot test show that the thermal efficiency of the boiler increases from 85.71% to 88.34% after installing the deflector in the primary air chamber, which is equivalent to saving 5000 tons of standard coal every year. The economic benefit is remarkable, which proves the effectiveness of the deflector.

Key words: numerical simulation, primary air chamber, air flow modifier, perforated plate, cold test, hot test

中图分类号:

TK16

刘效洲, 朱光羽. 循环流化床锅炉风室内流动特性及优化研究[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2022, 39(03): 116-124.

Liu Xiao-zhou, Zhu Guang-yu. A Research on Gas Flow Characteristics and Structure Optimization in Primary Air Chamber of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 2022, 39(03): 116-124.

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