Abstract: High-speed rail needs 6 hours of repair time in the early morning every day, when it cannot be used. However, with the development of society, it is necessary to reduce the window time to improve the operation efficiency of high-speed rail. The traditional deformation monitoring system of high-speed railway track subgrade based on BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) needs one day observation time to accurately monitor the subgrade, but such observation time during the empty window period of ultra-high railway cannot play a role in improving the operation efficiency of high-speed railway. Particle filter algorithm is added to the original deformation monitoring algorithm. While trying to reduce the observation time to the high-speed railway empty window period, the particle filter algorithm is used to ensure that the coordinate values of the solved monitoring points meet the positioning accuracy requirements of the high railway base under the condition that the sampling data decreases substantially. An experimental simulation is carried out using the measured sampling data of BDS deformation monitoring system of Guangzhou-Shantou high-speed railway, and the effectiveness of particle filter algorithm is verified. The experimental results show that, with the help of particle filter algorithm, the observation time reduced to 15 min can ensure that the a, B and H coordinates of the monitoring points meet the accuracy requirement of ±5 mm for high railway base positioning, which provides an effective method and idea for reducing the time of high-speed railway gap period and improving the operation efficiency of high-speed railway.

Key words: deformation monitoring, particle filter, BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System), high-speed rail tracks