Using the formal method to deduce human creative thinking, Extenics deals with contradictory problems by computer. Proposing novel software models to simulate flexible innovation intelligence, helping people to develop creative ideas, and inspiring innovation will become key issues for promoting extensive innovation progress. A novel software architecture is proposed for ESGS, and an android and extension strategy generating software is developed. A case shows that the mobile innovation software can help people to carry out effective innovation activities.

Aiming at the current product design software lacking reaction to the consumer demand, product innovation software based on the first creation method in extension innovation method is proposed and designed. The software starts from the needs of users, and in product innovation, the correlative analysis method and implication analysis, etc. are used, the function of the product further specified, and the production process of new product made more logical. After multiple new product solutions are designed, the designed product solutions evaluated and better solutions provided. With the examples of pen products, the software system is tested. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the extension innovation software system.

The concepts of "technical features" in the legal system of patent and of "features" in the Extenics are introduced, and the differences and connections of "features" between the two are analyzed. A product invention patent claims for "the seating furniture" was used as an example. First, the Extenics Basic Element Theory was used to disassemble and analyze each product invention patent claim. Next, the basic element model of each patent technical feature was established. Then, the basic element model of each patent technical feature was expanded and transformed by the Extenics Innovation Four-step Method. Finally, the best creative program was selected. The aim of this analysis is to initiate an application of the Extenics Innovation Four-step Method in the field of legal protection through interpretation and better understanding of the "features", and thence to highly develop the utilization of Extenics in the marketing economy performance.

Poly (disodium cis-epoxysuccinate) PESA as a non-nitrogen and non-phosphors biodegradable polymer showing good chelating ability to calcium and magnesium ions and good buffer capacity can be used in detergent industry. PESA Polymers were synthesized by solution polymerization of disodium cis-epoxysuccinate in the presence of calcium hydroxide as initiator, while disodium cis-epoxysuccinate obtained by epoxidation of maleic anhydride using sodium tungstate as catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as oxidation. The molecule structures of both materials were characterized by IR and ¹H NMR. The detergent properties of PESA polymers were investigated. The optimum synthetic conditions were found:reaction temperature=90℃, reaction time=6 h, mass content of Ca(OH)₂=4%. And the calcium chelating and dispersing abilities (Expressed as CaCO₃) were quantified as 367.5 mg CaCO₃/g and 112.8 mg CaCO₃/g, respectively.

Different proportion and combination of bran, corn flour and soybean powder was applied to optimize the best composition of culture medium. Single factor experiments and four factors and three levels orthogonal test were used to improve the fermentation conditions. The result showed that the optimal composition of culture medium was 4 g bran, 1 g soybean powder, 4 g ammonium sulphate, 0.3 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.5 g calcium chloride, the protease production was maximized under the conditions with an addition of water at 45℃ for 120 h with pH 7. The optimal fermentation conditions obtained were the initial pH of 7.0, 125 mL addition of water, cultivation temperature of 45℃, and cultivation time of 120 h. Under this condition, the best protease activity of 269.68 U/mL was obtained.

A novel template-free co-precipitation method was applied to synthesize mesoporous copper-manganese mixed oxides with high surface area, which can be obtained in large quantities. Catalytic activity of copper-manganese mixed oxides (Cu-Mn-x, x=1, 2, 4) has been studied in selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol using molecular oxygen as oxidizing agent and toluene as solvent. The catalysts exhibited highest activity, in which 90% conversion of the benzyl alcohol was achieved with 98% selectivity to benzaldehyde within a short reaction period only in 20 min at 102℃, when the design mole ratio of Cu/Mn was 1:2. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, H2-TPR and EDS techniques. It shows that Cu and Mn can improve the catalytic performance each other effectively but there must be an appropriate mole ratio of Cu/Mn. In addition, there is a great relationship between the activity and the amount of catalysts, which shows that the higher activity the more catalysts.

In this study, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres were synthesized by photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization in an ethanol/water mixture. The mechanism of photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization was investigated, and the effects of reaction conditions on microspheres size and size distribution studied. The results showed that the nucleation of photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization was at around 60 min. The concentrations of photoinitiator and stabilizer had a little influence on the particle uniformity. Monodisperse microspheres were obtained at RAFT agent concentrations ranging from 0.25% to 0.75%. It was found that the diameter of microspheres became larger as the monomer concentration or the content of ethanol in the medium increased.

Novel Ba₃Y(PO₄)₃:Sm³⁺, Eu³⁺(BYP:Sm³⁺, Eu³⁺) phosphor were synthesized by a standard solid-state reaction under normal ambient air and their structural and optical properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and diffuse reflection spectra (DRS) were used to explore their structural properties. XRD showed that single cubic phase phosphor was obtained. The photoluminescence properties, energy transfer and concentration quenching were investigated in the excitation and emission spectra. Optimal doping concentration of Sm³⁺ in BYP:Sm³⁺ phosphor is just about 4% and corresponding quenching behavior is ascribed to be electric dipole-dipole interaction according to Dexter's theory. It is concluded from the excitation spectrum that 402 nm photons cannot effectively excite singly Eu³⁺ doped BYP phosphor to get character emission peaks of Eu³⁺. But when co-doped with Sm³⁺, character emission peaks of Eu³⁺ is found under the excitation of 402 nm due to the energy transfer from Sm³⁺ to Eu³⁺. Sm³⁺ can be used as a sensitizer and activator, this phenomenon has not been reported in the kind of matrix. It is also found that the phosphor has good absorption in the near ultraviolet (NUV) area and high emission efficiency. By the co-doping of Sm³⁺-Eu³⁺ ions, absorption spectrum became wider and stronger from ultraviolet to viewing area than that of the singly doped samples. Thus the difficulty of red commercial phosphor (Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺, Y₂O₂S:Eu³⁺) not matching well with NUV-LED chip and the problem of low luminous efficiency are solved. Furthermore, the chromaticity coordinates of BYP:Sm³⁺ and BYP:0.04Sm³⁺, 014Eu³⁺ phosphor are calculated to be (0.585, 0.414) and (0.617, 0.372), respectively. The chromaticity coordinates of BYP:Sm³⁺ can be regulated to approach the NTSC standard values of red phosphor by co-doping with Eu³⁺ ions. The results show that BYP:0.04Sm³⁺, 014Eu³⁺ may be a promising red-emitting phosphor for NUV-based white LED or backlight of LCD.

Anabaena flos-aquae were cultured separately in ferric ammonium citrate, EDTA-Fe, ferrioxalate and ferric humate in the initial concentration of 0.2 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 0.6 mg/L, 0.8 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L by using the laboratory simulation training method. The results show that the bioavailability of ferric ammonium citrate and ferric humate is stronger than the EDTA-Fe, and ferrioxalate under the same complex iron concentration in water. And the algae shows a faster growth rate and greater average growth rate in ferric ammonium citrate and ferric humate, but the promoting effect is slightly different due to the difference of the concentration of the complex iron. The optimum growth of iron concentration of ferric ammonium citrate is 0.2 mg/L, and the optimum growth of iron concentration of EDTA-Feand ferrioxalate appeares in the vicinity of 0.6 mg/L, while the optimum growth of iron concentration of ferric humate appeares in the vicinity of 0.4 mg/L.

The 6005-T6 aluminum alloy extrusion profiles were obtained by friction stir welding. With the help of mechanical tensile test machine, Vickers hardness tester, optical microscope (OM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the effect of natural aging on the mechanical properties of the welding joints is proven. The results shows that the 6005-T6 aluminum alloy with the extension of the natural aging time after welding, its tensile strength and the nugget zone (NZ) hardness increasing firstly and tending to be stable while the hardness of the weld heat affected zone (HAZ) remains unchanged and elongation changes a little. The FSW joints achieves the stable natural aging condition after natural aging 720 h. Natural aging improves the tensile strength and the hardness of welding joints mainly because the nugget zone precipitates more small and dispersed Mg₂Si phases in the process of natural aging.

The design and implementation of a local scour monitoring system for cross-sea bridge piers is briefly described. The content can be divided into the construction of local scour monitoring system and the key technology of local scour monitoring system. The key technology of navigation technology, the underwater topographic survey technology, the multi-beam bathymetric survey technology, tide level measurement technology, the local area underwater terrain measurement of the main monitoring bridge piers and the local area underwater terrain measurement of the key monitoring bridge piers are introduced in detail, and the rationality and feasibility of the built system are also identified further.

Research is conducted on the unit commitment optimization after HEVs mass connected to the power system. HEVs charge and discharge quantity and thermal power unit output in each period are used as optimizable scheduling variables and the coal-fired minimum cost of thermal power generating unit as the objective function. And under the use of complementary constraints and optimization extreme value theory, transforming unit combination problem into nonlinear programming for continuous space, a complementary constraint optimization model of power system unit combining HEVs mass into the network is established. Then the smooth NCP function is used to deal with the complementary constraint optimization model, which is transformed into a general nonlinear programming problem, and the solution is solved by using the primal dual interior point method. A simulation experiment is carried out with the optimal combination of the units in the 10 unit system 24 h as an example to verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

To overcome the reduction of efficiency of circuit caused by the Buck filter inductor current flow backward in the circuit of voltage self-driven synchronous rectifier under light load, the relation between the demagnetization reset time of common forward converter topology and the current of Buck filter inductor back to zero time is analyzed. Based on this relation, the reason of the Buck filter inductor current flowing backward so that the forward converter with voltage self-driven synchronous rectifier circuit works at light load have been found. An active fast discharge circuit is proposed to be added in synchronous rectifier MOS transistor driven circuit whose function is freewheeling. And this circuit forces synchronous rectifier MOS to close rapidly after the magnetic field flux of main transformer reset. Thus it can prevent the inductor current flow backward. The prototype test results show that this design has been verified effective and feasible by the experiment result.

The optimization of steam power system with several different complex steam turbine units is of great realistic meaning for energy efficiency improvement and emission reduction. The reasonable evaluation criterion has great importance for the practical operation optimization. In order to agree with the enterprise existing evaluation index, a modified system coal consumption per watt (CCPW) evaluation index is put forward on the basis of enterprise CCPW. And a mixed integer nonlinear programming model (MINLP) of steam power system is established. Optimization of a chemical enterprise steam power system based on empirical single CCPW, rigorous single CCPW and modified system CCPW are conducted by using the proposed model and solving method. The results show that accurate system CCPW value can be obtained with the optimal model proposed in this research. The optimal system results based on empirical single CCPW is lower than rigorous single CCPW and the deviation is 3.12%~3.80%. It is also found that the modified system CCPW can fulfill the global optimization of steam power system by comparing total coal consumption between modified system CCPW optimization and total system coal consumption optimization. The biggest deviation between the objective function of modified system CCPW and total coal consumption is 0.03%. Therefore the practicability and operability of complex turbine network model and modified system CCPW evaluation index proposed are verified.

Aiming at the big estimation error and the unreasonable selection to the participant positioning beacon nodes in the traditional DV-Hop localization algorithm, an improved DV-Hop localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks is proposed. The degree of collinearity method is used in the selection of the beacon node group. As long as the degree of collinearity of the beacon node group meets a predetermined range, the beacon node group will be selected. In each of these groups, the position relationship between beacon nodes and unknown nodes is discerned, the real distance between beacon nodes made full use of, and the localization of unknown nodes made by using any two estimated values, with a number of cycles in each group selecting two estimates to get a lot of unknown nodes estimate position, and finally the estimated coordinates of unknown nodes are obtained by clustering analysis in the field of data mining. The simulation shows that the improved algorithm can reduce the localization error and improve the accuracy of the algorithm and robustness without any increase in the hardware overhead, and at the same time, it is insensitive to some of the larger errors in the final result.

Considering that single host in the existing parallel computing framework is not efficient in accelerating massive data mining frequent item, an improved efficient algorithm for mining frequent item IFAMR is proposed, combining the advantages of the MapReduce parallel computing model according to the basic principle of Apriori algorithm and based on the algorithm FAMR. This algorithm first uses AprioriTID algorithm to preprocess the raw data, deleting all the low-frequency 1-itemsets, and then calculate the length of each transaction set (L) and minimum support (N) to determine the maximum merger candidate Map sets of operations. IFAMR algorithm reduces the Map function to generate a low-frequency item set, and the algorithms are proved by experimental comparison to have greatly reduced memory footprint and effectively improved the efficiency of the mining process.

Simultaneous localization and mapping is a new type of mobile robot localization method, which can obtain data through the mobile robot's own sensors and simultaneous localization and map building in a completely unknown environment. Based on PF-SLAM algorithm, the probability distribution of the location pose is expressed by the particle set, and the calculated amount is proportional to the size of the particle set, and also the number of particles determines the algorithm's location accuracy and anti-jamming capability. At the same time, increasing the number of particles will increase the computing time, which will lead to the positioning delay and the positioning error of the mobile robot. A method is presented to improve the algorithm by using GPU parallel computing, which can reduce the calculation time, thereby to reduce the positioning error caused by positioning delay. Experimental results show that the improved algorithm of GPU parallel computing has a significant effect.

Using the fundamental method of bibliometric analysis and visualization software, literature about brand communication in China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) from 2001 to 2016 is collected and the basic development status of brand communication analyzed by the quantitative statistical method. Using the CiteSpaceⅢ software to study the authors and the hotspot field, and using the strategic coordinate map, the future development trend of the brand communication is forecast. The study shows that the amount of domestic brand communication research issued had an overall upward trend, with less cooperation among the core authors, but they have more fixed relationship; research institutions had less cooperation. At present, the hotspot and main areas of brand communication focus on "brand architecture", "brand strategy" and "new media" and the novel research content about brand communication is "brand communication of city" and "community transmission". This study is significant to understand and analyze the development of brand communication and the trend of brand communication in China. Therefore, it may have significance in deepening an international research in brand communication.