Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis can be used to evaluate the performance of classifiers and find the optimal segmentation points of different categories. Among them, the non-parametric method has been widely used in practice because of its simplicity and flexibility.How to construct and evaluate receiver operating characteristic curve for the classified data by ROC nonparametric method was introduced .

A battery management system (BMS) is designed to manage 15 lithium battery cells by using STM32 microcomputer. Firstly, a battery monitoring chip BQ76940 is used to design measurement unit, a switched-capacitor-based circuit is used to design active equalization unit. Then, the SOC of battery is estimated by the current integration method and open-circuit voltage method, while the internal resistance augmentation failure of battery is detected on-line by battery equivalent model and parameter identification method. The design of both hardware and software of the BMS is introduced in detail. And experimental results for measurement unit, equalization unit and internal resistance identification are provided. The results show that the battery management system can collect the voltage, current and temperature of the battery, balance the single battery with different voltage, and effectively identify the internal resistance of the battery, and it has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, well equalization performance and online detection of the internal resistance for batteries.

Urban brownfield reuse is an important way to supply urban land. At present, brownfields are large in scale, difficult to identify as governance objects, with relatively simple restoration standards and planning systems. Disjointed ecological restoration, insufficient public awareness and participation have become the main difficulties and problems in the process of governance and reuse. Taking brownfield reuse as a starting point and combining brownfield impact factors, human health indicators are clarified, and brownfield land reuse standards categorized. Taking measures and methods such as risk avoidance in multiple scenarios, full life cycle loss control, risk transfer by multiple interest groups, and risk-taking by multiple technologies, ranging from planning objects, restoration standards, planning content and procedures, management systems, work is started with the mechanism and other aspects, and strategies for urban brownfield governance and reuse planning based on risk management are proposed.

The combination of online and offline teaching mode is a trend of teaching in the future. The previous researches show that learners’ learning behavior can directly affect the learning results, so the research focuses on studying the influence level of learning behavior on academic performance. For the current common evaluation models, there are still some problems such as low credibility and weak interpretability. In this study, the Bayesian network (BN) based on evidential reasoning can effectively solve this problem. Compared with the commonly used machine model and deep learning model, it shows a lower error rate and a stronger interpretability.

Flow is a new concept in modern TRIZ theory, and flow analysis is a tool for systematic analysis of problems based on flow formation. However, formal research is insufficient and is difficult to be applied to intelligent design. Based on the elementary theory of extenics, a formal research on flow and flow analysis is conducted. It takes the material flow in the technical system as the research object, and uses elementary and composite elements to formally express the objects, behaviors, functions and other elements involved in the flow. Based on the structure and other elements, the extension flow model is established, and then the beneficial flow or the harmful flow is identified according to the flow analysis method. Finally, taking a company’s charging power supply production process defect as an example, the method is used to establish an extension flow model and identify the beneficial flow and the harmful flow. This research lays a good foundation for further obtaining extension knowledge research to improve defect flow.

In order to comprehensively promote the construction of ecological civilization and strengthen the protection of ecological environment, the government and enterprises are actively exploring effective measures to encourage individual green consumption. With the increasing popularity of gamified applications, more and more attention has been paid to the research on green consumption behavior nudged by gamification. However, a systematic theoretical framework has not yet been formed. This review first systematically reviews the elements, design framework and affordances of gamification, then analyzes and sorts out the research status of green consumption from three aspects: motivation, attitude and behavior, and puts forward the concept of indirect green consumption behavior according to the characteristics of green consumption. Finally, based on the research and analysis of relevant literature on green consumption behavior nudged by gamification, this review constructs an overall research framework for exploring green consumption behavior nudged by gamification. It emphasizes that gamification has a boosting effect on people’s green consumption motivation, attitude and behavior, providing research ideas for the studies in related fields.

As statistics characterizing the strength of statistical relationship between two random variables,correlation coefficients have found wide applications in nearly all science and technology  fields.This  paper attempts to provide a detailed review on 5 commonly used correlation coeffcients in the literature, including a relatively detailed discussion on their statistical properties under the fundamental bivariate normal model and their suitable application scenarios. Specifically,(1) if the sample follows normal distribution, then the  Pearsons Product Moment Correlation Coefficient is optimal;(2) if the monotone nonlinear distortion in the sample is small, then the Order Statistics Correlation Coefficient should be used;(3) if the monotone nonlinear distortion in the sample is severe, then the Spearmans rho or Kendalls tau are feasible;(4) if only one channel is distorted by monotone nonlinearity, then the Gini Correlation is best choice; and (5) if there exsits impulsive noise in the sample, then  the Spearmans rho or Kendalls tau should be employed.

In order to solve the problem of anti-interference of global positioning system (GPS) under the condition of low SNR and strong interference, this paper puts forward the combined power inversion algorithm and phase compensation of anti-interference. The method applies power inversion algorithm of the GPS signal pre-processing to accurately demodulate and further process the the phase compensation of GPS signals to improve the SNR. Simulation results show that the method can effectively restrain the interference, enhance SNR, and improve the anti-interference ability of the receiver.

With excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance, polyimide has been one of the important dielectric materials in microelectronics industry. In recent years, with the rapid development of microelectronics industry and the rise of 5G communication technology, higher requirements are put forward for the dielectric constant and dielectric loss reduction of polyimide in terms of energy consumption requirements and signal reception. How to reduce as much as possible the dielectric constant and dielectric loss and retain the excellent properties of polyimide at the same time is an urgent problem to solve at present. The research and application progress of porous polyimides, polymers filler and inorganic nano filler composite modified polyimides and other composite low dielectric polyimides emerging in recent years are reviewed. How to reduce the dielectric constant of polyimides while maintaining other properties is discussed, and its development is prospected. It will provide a new idea for the design and preparation of new composite low dielectric polyimide materials.

Considering comments' objectivity, subjectivity, the angle of time dimension and critics and network environment, combining with the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), a research is conducted into the center path of comments' quality and timeliness and the edge path of comment number, commenters' creditworthiness and influence of the network environment cognition on purchase decisions, and a theoretical model built and verified in order to enrich the mechanism of online reviews on purchasing decision. A questionnaire survey is used to collect data, and SPSS22.0 software used to analyze the questionnaire data so that the main effect of online comments on purchase decisions, mediating effect of the trust tendency and comments' credibility can be tested. The results indicate that the comments' timeliness, number and commenters' creditworthiness positively affect customers' purchase decisions through comments credibility, and that the trust tendency will adjust the consumers' credibility perception of the high quality review. High trust tendencies can regulate consumers' perception of the credibility of different quality reviews, and high trust tendencies also have a higher perception of the credibility of high quality reviews.

In order to reduce the adverse effects of large-scale use of fossil fuels on the environment, make full use of renewable resources, and improve the defects in the road performance of traditional petroleum asphalt, a kind of biomass asphalt with the advantages of renewable, large reserves and green environmental protection was introduced. In recent years, most of the domestic and foreign research focused on the preparation process and modification effect of bioasphalt. However, the reaction mechanism between biomass modifier and commonly used modifier in composite modification is still less, and the modification research and evaluation method of matrix asphalt need to be further explored. Therefore, the preparation process of biomass modified materials and bio-asphalt is reviewed, its modification effect analyzed, the modification effect of existing commonly used modifiers and biomass composite on asphalt compared, and finally the content of this paper summarized and condensed, the existing preparation process and modification effect summarized and evaluated, the problems existing in the research of bio-asphalt put forward, and the development trend of bio-asphalt prospected.

The related literature of TRIZ from 2000 to 2019 is collected by CNKI as the research object, and the research status and evolution trend of TRIZ in China is analyzed by bibliometric method. With the help of CiteSpace visualization tool, the knowledge map is displayed, and the descriptive statistical characteristics, hot spots and evolution trend of the research field are analyzed. It is found that although TRIZ research in China started late, it has developed rapidly. From 2000 to 2019, it has experienced two stages: in-depth research and horizontal development. Based on the traditional application of TRIZ, the hot spots of TRIZ in China has gradually extended to non-engineering technology fields such as service innovation and knowledge innovation, and gradually integrated with new technologies. The future research trend will continue to deepen the application of TRIZ in non-engineering fields, and promote its software, intelligent and concise application mode, and further expand its application field and scope.

Economic link is an important form of interaction among cities, especially in urban agglomeration areas, and it is increasing with the development level of urban agglomerations. The present study takes the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration as an empirical case, based on the improved gravity model method, GIS spatial analysis and QAP analysis, combines with social and economic data, analyzes the evolution characteristics of urban economic links in 2000~2019, and discusses the influencing factors. The main results are as follows: While the economic links of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration kept increasing constantly, Guangzhou has the largest increase in economic links with other cities, and Shenzhen has the largest increase; the direction of economic links variations in stability, and the relative position of cities in economic links are changing. Economic distance difference, economic development and urban population growth, industrial division and industrial links, and policy promotion are the main influencing factors of economic links. Among them, the difference in economic distance is the basic factor, and highly negatively correlated with the total amount of economic links; the speed of economic development and the urban population growth rate are the direct factors, and its growth is synchronized with the strengthening of economic links; industrial division and industrial links of labor are indirect factors, which have a positive correlation with changes in economic links; policy factors are important promoters and play an important role in influencing economic links. This study can help to clarify the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the economic links in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration, and may have a certain reference for optimizing the urban links and promoting the improvement of urbanization quality.

The non-degradability of traditional plastic film products leads to serious environmental and social issues, which promotes the development of biodegradable composite film materials. Recent advances in abundant natural polymeric materials with different structural properties and excellent biodegradability were presented. Lignin, as the most abundant aromatic polymer, is considered a promising choice to manufacture multifarious advanced and functional film materials. From the perspective of sustainable development, the structure, chemical characteristics, fractionation methods of lignin are first introduced, and then a review focuses on the preparation of biodegradable composite film material and recent progress of lignin-derived biodegradable film materials with designed functionalities for different applications, such as degradable plastic film material, packaging materials, sensor response materials, antibacterial, and UV protection. Finally, the main problems faced by lignin-based biodegradable composite film materials are discussed, and the potential development directions for environmental-friendly lignin-based functional membrane materials in the future are proposed.

Economic growth is one of the core content of economics research. While the speed of economic growth reflects the level of economic development of an area in a certain period, it's also used to measure overall speed of economic growth. In this research, extension catastrophe theory is used to study the evaluation of economic growth of all provinces in our country in 2016. From the view of economics, an evaluation index system of economic growth is established according to the principle, and the extension dependent function is set up on the basis of the characteristics of indexes to get the relating degree. Using the extension catastrophe progression method, the extension catastrophe value of indexes is obtained and converted to a comprehensive value. Finally, an analysis of the reasons of the ups and downs of economic growth is conducted and the feasibility and availability of this method is assessed with actual situation by means of the comprehensive assessment value of each provinces.

A collagen GTR membrane was made with a bi-layer structure, one of whose face is loose while the other is tight. The tight face can effectively prevent the cells from growing into the defective tissue zone while the loose face is rough, which is helpful to cells growth and blood clot. In order to improve the physicochemical properties of the membranes, EDC/NHS was used as a cross-linking agent for the membranes. And the effects of cross-linking agent dosage on the physicochemical properties of membranes were investigated. The measurements of DSC, SEM were used to test the structure and properties of the membranes. The properties of water absorption, collagen resistance were also tested. According to the study, 0.5 mol/L EDC/NHS, cross-linking 24 h in the pH of 5.5 are the best processing conditions. Increasing further the concentration of EDC can not improve the physicochemical properties of the membranes. The research shows that the physicochemical properties of collagen membranes are improved significantly after being crosslinked. The denaturation temperature, anti-collagen activities are both increased, and the bi-layer structure is kept well.

The Sr ₂GdSbO ₆:Eu ³⁺ red phosphor with double perovskite structure was successfully prepared by high temperature solid phase method and its XRD, photoluminescence spectrum and fluorescence decay lifetime were characterized. The XRD of the Sr ₂Gd _0.8SbO ₆:0.2Eu ³⁺ phosphor is basically consistent with the peak position of the standard card, indicating that the doping of Eu ³⁺did not change the crystal structure of the matrix. The crystal parameters after Rietveld refinement also verify the result. The photoemission spectrum shows that the sample has a wide excitation area centered at 340 nm in the ultraviolet region; under the excitation of a 340 nm light source, the strongest emission of the sample is an orange-red emission band with a center wavelength of 593 nm. Using Dexter theory to analyze the concentration quenching mechanism of the sample is the dipole-dipole interaction. The fluorescence decay life of Sr ₂Gd _0.8SbO ₆:0.2Eu ³⁺ phosphors at room temperature is 4.202 ms, and the external quantum efficiency is 24.8%. When the temperature is raised to 150 ℃, the external quantum efficiency remains 68.8% of that at room temperature. The calculated color purity of Sr ₂GdSbO ₆:Eu ³⁺ phosphor can reach 99.5%. Sr ₂Gd _0.8SbO ₆:0.2Eu ³⁺ phosphor, blue phosphor, green phosphor and 365 nm UV chip package were made into LED devices which can emit bright white light. These results indicate that Sr ₂GdSbO ₆:Eu ³⁺ phosphor is a potential red phosphor for white LED.

Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy was dry turned by uncoated and AlCrSiN coated carbide inserts at three cutting speeds. It was found that the cutting life of AlCrSiN coated inserts exceeds uncoated inserts at all three cutting speeds and meanwhile the three values of cutting force, cutting temperature and workpiece surface roughness are lower than that of uncoated tools, which shows that AlCrSiN coating can effectively protect the substrate and maintain the sharpness of the tool. During the cutting process, the cutting force of both tools increased first and then decreased, which is related to the lubricating oxides produced by the two tools at high temperatures. Both cutting temperature and workpiece roughness have a positive correlation with the wear of the flank, that is, as the wear of the flank increases, the temperature and roughness increase accordingly, and incidentally, the increase in temperature is also related to the increase in plastic deformation and heat in the first deformation zone of the rake face. In addition, the chip size, color, and sawtooth frequency produced by the two tools also prove that the AlCrSiN coated tool has lower wear rate and cutting temperature than the uncoated tool.

In this paper the antibacterial effect of tannin in vitro and its influencing factors are investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration is measured through the agar dilution, and the antimicrobial properties are screened by filter disc method in food system. By using agar-comparing method, various antibacterial factors in food system such as pH value, sodium chloride concentration, sucrose concentration, metal ions and organic acids, on its bacteriostatic effect are screened. The results show that tannins have good antibacterial activities on Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus, MIC of which is 0.39 mg/mL and 0.09 mg/mL respectively. Under the condition of acid, or under the synergism of citric acid and lactic acid, the antibacterial effects of tannic acid on food spoilage organisms increase; and the bacteriostatic effects are stable for NaCl, sucrose and metal ion. Compared with potassium sorbate, it seems to have a better effect on food and the MIC of which is lower than potassium sorbate. Tannins with organic acid together are more conducive to the antibacterial activity, which have a wide pH range. With added salt and sugar food, tannins can weaken the use of salt or sugar, and be beneficial for healthy living.

The enamelling machine oven system is complex, and the effect of the traditional control method is not good.Based on a conventional PID controller，it used the fuzzy control theory, combined with the PID algorithm, to achieve the parameter selfsetting and to solve the problem with the uncertainty of the conventional PID parameters. ZieglerNichols was applied to determine the initial value of PID controller parameters.Then,the fuzzy control theory was employed to revise PID controller parameters, and the PID controller parameters meeting the requirements were obtained. The design controller was simulated in the Matlab environment. The results show that the parameter selfsetting fuzzy PID controller has better controlling effect than a conventional PID controller, and it can also reduce the cost to save energy and improve the economic benefits. 

With the continuous development of new energy vehicles, increasing the thermal safety of the power battery attracts more attention. The data of current, voltage, temperature and time of the 18650 single cell are tested under the constant current 1 C discharge rate, the theoretical calorific value of the cell estimated to be 3 901.51 J based on law of conservation of energy, and the average specific heat and the average heating power is calculated through experimental method to be respectively 5.37 J/(g·K) and 1.08 W. At the same time, the surface/section temperature image of the 18650 single cell through 1 C constant current discharge is simulated by the way of computer simulation. Compared with the experimental data and verified, the error of the maximum temperature is less than or equal to 1℃, which lays a theoretical foundation for the follow-up evaluation of the electric vehicle thermal disaster.

In video-monitor system, the synchronous transmission of audio and video is a key issue. The audio and video being out of synchronization was caused by the difference among the size of audio data and video data in the procedure of capturing, transmitting and encoding. To solve these problems, a solution is proposed which defines a data structure to store the time-related frames of audio and video data and control the synchronization of audio and video data through all the procedure. At last, the FFMPEG project is ported to Android device to do the experiment. It turns out that the algorithm proposed in this research has a good effect of synchronization. It can meet the need of synchronization in the specified scenes. At the same time, the new method of audio and video processing of Android platform is proposed, which is of great significance in engineering practice.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a class of semi-crystalline polymer. Compared with traditional bone repair materials, PEEK possesses good biocompatibility, chemical stability, light transmittance and elastic modulus which is similar to that of normal human bone. Therefore it has been widely used in transplantation. However, the biological inertia of PEEK limits its clinical application. At now, the surface modification is an effective way to solve this problem. The current status of research and direction of development about PEEK surface modification methods in recent years are reviewed. And physical modification, chemical modification and coating modification are emphasized. The effects of different modification technologies on improving biocompatibility were analyzed. Finally, the problems are pointed out that need to be solved for PEEK surface modified bone graft material to continue to develop in the medical field. The body's reaction must be studied fully at every stage after the bone graft material was implanted in the body. And it is ensured that the surface treatment does not degrade or wear away normal tissues throughout the whole life cycle.

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an effective technique that can improve wireless signal propagation environment and enhance communication security by adjusting the reflected signal through its controlled reflecting elements. The RIS-assisted secure communication in a non-orthogonal multiple access system is considered, where multiple users simultaneously send confidential information to a single-antenna base station in a non-orthogonal multiple access way in the presence of a single-antenna eavesdropper. Our objective is to maximize the total security rate of the system by optimizing the transmit power of the users and the phase shifts of the reflecting elements of the RIS while satisfying the constraints of transmit power and the quality-of-service for each user, as well as the constant modulus constraint of each reflecting element of the RIS. Although the considered optimization problem is non-convex and difficult to solve, an efficient algorithm based on the alternate optimization and semidefinite relaxation techniques is proposed to obtain a near-optimal solution. Simulation results validate that as compared with two benchmark schemes, the proposed algorithm significantly improves the total security rate of the system. It provides a reference for the secure communication research of reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted non orthogonal multiple access system.

A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for hybridization and mutation in key areas is proposed. The proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the length and the complexity of coding when chromosome is in hybridization and mutation, which significantly improves the performance of the multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for 4G radio network model. After the hybridization and mutation, the nonkey area was searched again according to the constraint conditions. Then, the candidate base station(BS) was activated, which maximally covered the uncovered test points in nonkey areas until the coverage of all the activated BS satisfied the coverage constraint of the model by such analogy. In this way, all the generated solutions were efficient. Moreover, as many test points as possible were covered under the conditions that the activated BS was as little as possible. Finally, a group of optimal solution set was obtained by using the minimax methods. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

An improved autonomous frontier exploration method is presented to solve the problems of autonomous mobile robot autonomously exploring indoor unknown environments with low efficiency, poor versatility, and incomplete map construction due to the narrow exploration area. The curve fitting method is used to screen the safety target exploration area for the constructed initial map frontier and for the robot unreachable target exploration area, adopting a sliding window neighborhood planning method to establish a new target exploration point, guiding the robot to autonomously navigate to the target exploration point, while using simultaneous localization and mapping technology to complete the robot's autonomous exploration and mapping of unknown environments. The experimental results show that the method can better solve the problems of narrow target area and unreachable target points in the traditional algorithm. And it can complete autonomous exploration and mapping of unknown indoor complex scenes with fewer exploration times, shorter exploration paths and higher exploration efficiency.

Mechanics and fatigue characteristics are important factors of the ropes rowed sling with sockets which affect the safe operation of telescopic arm of lifting machinery. A new cavity with wedge structure is designed based on the selection of 6×7+IWS wire rope and the whole 3D model of the rigging developed. By importing the model to Ansys-workbench platform, the finite element model is established. The degree of freedom in three directions is imposed to rigging’s pin at one end and loading the 100 MPa mass force at the other end as the boundary condition of the model. It is revealed that the inner cone angle is important which affects the mechanical properties of the rigging. The rigging can bear the maximum stress at least 342.17 MPa with 16° inner cone angle. As the inner cone angle changing in a certain range, the total deformation of the rigging is from 0.025 mm to 0.03 mm. The fatigue life of the ordinary lay wire rope can meet the requirement of the engineering crane, and it can be the preferred object.

Road marking material is a kind of marking material that transmits traffic information such as guidance, restriction and warning to road traffic participants, which plays an important role in controlling and guiding traffic. Reflective road marking materials are widely used in road engineering in recent years. The reasonable combination of titanium dioxide, glass beads and other additives can significantly improve the night reverse reflection brightness coefficient of road marking materials, improve the guiding efficiency of road marking materials for driving at night, and effectively reduce the incidence of traffic accidents at night. However, the existing road reflective marking materials lack reasonable technical standard requirements, especially the core material of retroreflection performance glass beads lacking perfect and unified evaluation index system and limit value requirements, which directly affects the retroreflection performance, durability and construction quality of road reflective marking. Based on this, the reflective road marking is taken as the research object, starting from the classification of road marking materials, the composition and characteristics of different types of road marking materials are analyzed and the influencing factors of the retroreflective performance of existing road marking materials investigated. Based on the retroreflective performance of glass beads, the requirements of domestic and foreign standards for glass beads related technical indices are comprehensively analyzed and the common proportion and particle size composition range of glass beads defined. The future development of reflective road markings is prospected.

A class of fourthorder BVP was studied as follows, 
〖WTBX〗〖JZ〗〖JB({〗u(4)(t)=〖QX(Y15〗SymbollAp〖QX)〗a(t)f(t,u(t),u″(t)),0<t<1,
u(0)=u(1)=0,u″(0)=u″(1)=0.〖JB)〗 〖WTBZ〗
By using the method of the upper and lower solutions and the fixed point theorem, some sufficient conditions of the existence of upper BVP were achieved. 

The marketing effect estimation is an important issue for precision marketing. Although the causal effect estimation has provided the research framework for this problem, the existing method mainly focuses on the coarse-grained causal effect estimation on a group of users. When dealing with the fine-grained evaluation problem on an individual user, the existing methods usually fail to solve the challenges raised by the user temporal feature modeling and high dimensional confounder selection. To address the above challenges, a fine-grained deep confounder balancing marketing effect estimation method is proposed. Firstly, a long and short memory network is introduced to model the users’ temporal features. Secondly, a neural network with multi-sparse-connected layers is devised to construct the confounders balancing weight network for both temporal and non-temporal features. Finally, the marketing effect is evaluated using the balancing weight learned in the previous stage.It shows that the time feature modeling and nearest neighbor matching ideas proposed in this paper can reduce the deviation of the effect estimation and improve the stability, it has reference significance for the optimization of marketing strategy.

The structure and molecular composition complexity of lignin make it difficult to be extracted from the biomass. In addition, the traditional fractionation methods usually lead to degradation and condensation of lignin with low purity, which hinders its valorization. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new and environmentally friendly method for lignin fractionation. As a promising and green solvent for lignin fractionation, deep eutectic solvent (DES) has been a hotspot in the fields of biorefinery and accumulated many excellent achievements. Many active groups, including aryl, phenolic hydroxyl, alcohol hydroxyl and carbon based conjugate double bond, exist in molecular structure of lignin, leading to high activity for preparation of some functional materials, which has a strong industrial application prospect. Based on the our latest researches, the latest research progress in lignin fractionation by DES, the preparation of lignin-based functional materials and the application of lignin phenolic resin, lignin-based slow/controlled release fertilizer and lignin-based biodegradable material are concluded in the study.

Aiming at the influence of illumination in face recognition process, a method of illumination normalization based on CycleGAN is presented. By using the Generative Adversarial Nets and the principle of image translation, the illumination style of the darker image was shifted to the brighter image, while the surface and the structure of the face kept smooth at the same time. Unpaired data sets without labels are used, in order to achieve unsupervised removal of illumination, and greatly simplify the work of data preprocessing. Finally, the CroppedYale data set is used to train a deep learning face recognition model, using this CycleGAN model to process the test set, and comparing the accuracy before and after processing. Experiments show that this method has a strong ability to reduce the influence of human face illumination on recognition rate while basically not changing the face structure, and therefore is helpful to improve the accuracy of face recognition.

A set of micro-photographic lenses, with large aperture and high resolution, has been designed based on Д. C. Boпocob formula, and its initial configuration is calculated through the PW method. The structural rationality of lenses is systematically examined in NSC（Non-Sequential Component）situation. The F-number of the lens is 2.2, FOV angle is 65°, the total length of optical system is 6.13 mm, and the effective focus is 4.5 mm. The lenses system consists of 4 plastic aspheric lenses and 1 IR filter, in which the lenses of No.1, 3, and 4 are positive lenses, No.2 lens is negative lens, and the aperture stop is placed in front of the first lens. The optimized results indicate that RMS spot radius at each field is almost less than the radius of Ariy disk, the MTF value is more than 0.54 at 1/2 Nyquist sampling frequency, and the distortion is less than 2%. The lenses system equipped with AR8033 CMOS from Aptina has formed applicable micro-photographic lenses of 8 mega-pixel.

Research on magnetorheological finishing technology at home and abroad is reviewed. According to the development of magnetorheological finishing technology, the current main application of ultra-precision machining principle and progress of magnetorheological compound polishing technology are elaborated, mainly focusing on Magnetorheological Jet Polishing, Ultrasonic-magnetorheological Compound Polishing, Chemo-mechanical Magnetorheological Finishing and Cluster of MRF processing methods and mechanism of material removal. Then the MRF method is compared in terms of surface precision machining, surface integrity and processing efficiency. Finally, a discussion is conducted on how to improve the precision polishing efficiency, forecasting the development of ultra-precision magnetorheological finishing and pointing out the key research direction in the future.

To address the green capacitated vehicle routing problem (GCVRP), a mixed integer programming (MIP) model is established to minimize the total freight cost, and an improved Lagrange relaxation algorithm (ILRA) is proposed to solve the problem. Firstly, the dual problem of the original problem is obtained by Lagrange relaxation technique, and the lower bound of the original problem is obtained by solving the dual problem by subgradient method; Secondly a repair algorithm and a neighborhood search algorithm are designed to obtain the upper bound of the original problem, and then update the multiplier iterative solution; Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out. The experimental results show that 10 tests are carried out on 19 cases of different scales under the same experimental environment. The average gap between the upper and lower bounds of MIP obtained by ILRA is 7.61%, while the average gap obtained by Gurobi solver is 15.47%. Therefore, compared with Gurobi solver, ILRA can obtain high-quality solutions of GCVRP efficiently.

While cloud computing provides high efficiency calculation and massive storage for workflow application, it also brings challenges to the protection of private data such as trade secrets. Because protecting private data will result in an increase in data transmission time, a new data distribution algorithm based on data collaboration failure degree is proposed to improve the existing data allocation strategies. Relying on private cloud safety and public cloud computer capacity in the initial stage, the non-privacy data is divided by the static allocation method to improve the initial data, and in the running stage, the generated data is constantly adjusted to get the data distribution plan. Experiments show that the improved method is effective in reducing the data transmission time.

An improved potential field grid method is presented in this paper to solve the problems of general artificial potential field method including the trap situation, no path existing among adjacent obstacles and not up to the object near the obstacle. With the full coverage path planning algorithm of cattle farming, a global optimal sweep path of the robot in the known environment model is given. By combining the laser radar and the potential field force, it has the ability to avoid dynamic collision. The verifying experiment indicates that the algorithm has practical value. It can make cleaning robot in a shorter path traversal environment and enhance the obstacle avoidance capability, improve safety and efficiency of cleaning robot.

Aiming to control the formation tracking and obstacle avoidance system of multi-mobile robots under the changing topology, an obstacle avoidance method based on distance and speed between robots and an artificial potential field method to avoid obstacles are proposed to establish a consistent control formation control protocol. Firstly, the communication topology between robots is established to facilitate the information exchange between robots. At the level of formation control, a formation control law with collision avoidance is designed. Then, at the level of formation tracking, the formation error motion problem is transformed into a minimum optimization problem according to the cost function by using model predictive control method. In order to efficiently solve the optimization problem online, a generalized projection neural network optimization method is used, in which the optimal solution is used as the control input. Finally, the simulation of multi-mobile robot formation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

The development of injection molding machines has always piqued the industry's interest as an important production and manufacturing equipment for plastic parts in modern industry. How to achieve high-precision, high-efficiency, green, and energy-saving injection molding parts is an important development direction for injection molding machines as the aerospace, power electronics, automobile manufacturing, and other industries grow. A strategy that combines the deep neural network (DNN) is proposed to realize the predictive control of the injection molding process of the injection molding machine, in response to the problem that traditional model predictive control (MPC) finds it difficult to guarantee real-time tracking in the injection molding process. A model predictive controller with constraints is created based on the dynamic model of the injection molding machine injection process, and the controller's operating data is collected and used to train the deep neural network to realize the predictive control of the injection molding process based on the deep neural network control. The simulation results show that this strategy can effectively avoid the complex calculation caused by the model predictive control in the injection molding process and meet the real-time requirements and has a broad application prospect.

In order to assist the innovative design of the generator product and improve its design efficiency, an extension innovation method is applied to the innovative design of the generator, and the general process and steps of its design given. Starting from the shortcomings of generators, the design objectives are set up, and the basic models of design objectives are established. The functions, principles and structures of the generators are analyzed, and the basic models of the primary generators established and the new ideas of multiple generators obtained by using the extended analysis and extension transformation methods. Finally, through the superiority evaluation and patent inquiry, better and effective design ideas are obtained, and then concretely translated into innovative design schemes. Taking a typical DC generator as an example, many effective new product design ideas are obtained and concretely translated into innovative design schemes. Experiments verify its feasibility and effectiveness, and it has a broad application prospect.